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NORDREGIO REPORT 2025:4
Industrial Symbiosis - an end or a means?
State of Art in the Baltic Sea Region
Alberto Giacometti, Maija Kāle & Anna Berlina
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Preface
1. Introduction
2. Industrial Symbiosis in the Baltic Sea Region
2.1 Estonia
2.2 Latvia
2.3 Lithuania
3. Industrial Symbiosis Cases in the Baltic Sea Region
3.1 Sotenäs, Sweden
3.2 Kemi-Tornio Industrial Symbiosis, Finland
3.3 Smilowo Eco-Industrial Park (EIP), Notec Valley, Poland
3.4 Estonian Industrial Symbiosis Agropark (EISAP)
4. Conclusions & Discussion
4.1. Key enablers for Industrial Symbiosis
5. Recommendations
5.1 Recommendations to National Authorities
5.2 Recommendations to Sub-national Authorities
5.4 Recommendations to Financial Sector
References
Informants
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