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Background: Barriers in the way of Just Green Transition

Most cases discussed featured green energy projects that rely on heavy land use and large changes in landscapes, namely wind parks. Thus, most discussions focused on navigating the concept of justice in a situation where the impacts of a transition are multifold and often indirect. Nordic legislation has clear regulations for reviewing the impacts and related compensations. Still, often, they rely on monetary compensations paid only to people owning land in the direct impact zone of the energy installation. In addition to the property tax, there may be some community benefits, such as building a new sports facility for the village. These types of benefits easily appear as hand-outs. If, in addition, we have a situation where green energy projects begin with very optimistic rough scenarios regarding, e.g. job creation or impact on the local economy, the following disappointment of actual benefits then endangers social acceptance of all renewable energy projects in the future. Other barriers concern making more abstract goals, such as environmental concerns or climate action, more concrete and relevant to the local experience. In sum, processes involving new energy installations should be better designed to decrease mistrust so that the weight of national ambitions would not only fall on municipal resources.