Coexistence in MSP is of particular interest to the Nordic countries, which possess unique environmental and geographical characteristics, including diverse landscapes, vast marine areas rich in biodiversity and natural resources, and extensive coastlines. Along these coastlines, communities have developed long-standing traditions in fisheries and coastal livelihoods, relying on the North and Baltic Seas for economic, social and cultural value. These seas have not only sustained livelihoods but also enabled trade, fostered strong regional interconnections and shaped the Nordic countries into historically active seafaring nations, home to diverse populations, cultures and languages – all connected by the oceans.
As these traditions continue today, the Nordic countries hold leading positions in several marine industries, including fisheries, fish processing and aquaculture. However, like elsewhere, these activities are increasingly required to share ocean space with expanding sectors such as marine traffic, tourism, oil and gas extraction, and renewable energy, creating the need to harmonise competing interests. Growing demand for ocean space also places pressure on marine environments, threatening ecosystem health and impacting both the cultural heritage embedded in these areas and the future of sustainable food production. In response, minimising environmental impacts and protecting marine wildlife have become priorities, with several Nordic countries participating in international frameworks to support conservation efforts.
At the same time, shifting geopolitical landscapes have heightened the importance of self-sufficiency and resilience in the Nordic Region. Reducing reliance on single sources of energy or food is becoming increasingly critical. Marine areas present both opportunities and challenges in this regard. Climate change adds further complexity, making the future increasingly uncertain and underscoring the need for adaptive and robust policy frameworks.
To support such frameworks, fostering coexistence and collaboration across Nordic nations is essential as countries pursue ambitious green and blue agendas. As noted earlier, this is further reinforced by the Nordic Council of Ministers, which emphasises the need to harmonise competing uses and seize opportunities to integrate economic, social and environmental interests, while promoting sustainable development, protecting marine ecosystems and contributing to regional resilience.